近海陆架区内潮观测研究进展

内潮是近海陆架区内最常见的海洋内波，一般是由正压潮经过特殊地形或海况激发产生，内潮由此具有天文潮周期且出现频率相对稳定。频繁出现的内潮对人类海上活动的影响有弊也有利，它可引发强烈的海水混合或产生上升流，使深层营养盐提升从而形成丰富的渔场；而大振幅内潮或由其演变出的强孤立内波会干扰海洋工程作业，对建成的石油钻井平台和海底油气管道构成严重的威胁；内潮导致的水体扰动还会对海上舰船的行驶产生不利影响。所以对近海陆架区内潮的观测研究一直为人们所重视。对内潮的一些相关特点做了简要介绍，主要论述了国际上近海陆架区内潮观测研究的进展情况，以及近几年来观测方法的最新发展趋势；并着重分析了南海北部海区内潮研究现状，讨论了目前南海内潮观测研究中存在的一些问题，进而提出今后开展进一步观测研究的思路。

Progress in the Observational Studies of Internal Tide over Continental Shelf

Internal tide is a kind of internal wave found frequently on the continental shelf. It is often generated by the barotropie tide crossing special topography in special ocean state. Therefore, the internal tide has the tidal period. Frequent internal tide can be of advantage or disadvantage to the human activity in the ocean. For instance, it can drive strong mixing or even generate upwelling bringing nutrition up from deep water so that a fishing region can come into being. On the other hand, internal tide with large amplitude and generating solitary waves will disturb the work of oceanic engineering and be dangerous to marine oil platform and submarine oil pipe. The turbulence driven by internal tide can also affect the ship or submarine, and reduce the precision of torpedo. So, the observation on the internal tide near the continental shelf has been emphasized for long. This paper will make a brief introduction about some characteristics of internal tide, and discuss the evolution of the observation in recent years. As a stress, the present situation of study of internal tide in the northern south China sea will be described, questions of observation on the internal tide in the South China Sea discussed some opinions about developing the study and observation on the internal tide put forward.