生态水文科学研究的现状与展望

生态水文科学研究是区域生态系统研究和区域水文科学研究的交叉领域 ,其核心内容是揭示不同环境条件下植物与水的相互关系机理 ,探索各种植被的生态水文作用过程。近年来 ,生态与水文相互作用过程的数学模拟和专门模型研制日益成为重要的发展领域 ,同时 ,生态水文学的研究十分注重尺度效应 ,把在一定尺度上获得的水文与生态原理或模型向其它不同尺度转换已成为最具挑战性的问题。山地生态系统成为全球变化研究最为重要的研究场所 ,开展与全球变化相关的生态系统物质与能量循环、生态过程的梯度效应及其与水文过程的耦合关系、生态系统结构与功能及其变化等方面的研究 ,是生态水文学研究最具活力的方向 ,其中建立包含区域气候变化因素的多元生态过程动态模拟模型 ,并使该模型具有不同时空尺度、不同地貌和生态带的广泛适应性是目前广泛关注的热点问题。

CURRENT SITUATION AND PROSPECT OF THE ECOLOGICAL HYDROLOGY

The ecological hydrology is a science related to the overlapping parts of the ecology and hydrology. Eco hydrology focuses on studing the relationship between vegetation and water under various environmental conditions and revealing the eco hydrological processes of different plants. In recent years, the development of mathematic models which would be used to model the re actions between plants and water and other eco hydrology models are becoming the important fields in eco hydrology. Besides that, the scale is becoming the seriously problem. Transforming the hydrological and ecological principles and functions obtained in one scale to the other scales could be the most challenge problem in the future. Recently, with the development of researching in the material and energy circulation related to the global change in ecological system, study in hydrological and ecological processes and their interaction along altitudinal gradients and the structure and functions of a ecological system, more and more attentions were paid to the mountain ecological system. During those disciplines, one of the most vigorous fields is to study and develop the multi element dynamic models containing regional climate changes, and make the models have the effectiveness in different scales and various topography or ecological zones.