碳酸盐岩二次生烃研究综述

二次生烃是指停止生烃的烃源岩再次被深埋,并且受热温度超过一次生烃的最大温度,达到二次生烃门限时又重新开始生烃。主要生烃物质有干酪根及其衍生的丝沥青、可溶有机质,包裹体有机质、晶包有机质、固体沥青、一次生烃形成的吸附有机质以及缝合线有机质等。不管二次生烃起始成熟度是否达到一次生烃高峰所对应的成熟度,其二次生烃曲线均有一个相对的生烃高峰,而且二次生烃起始成熟度越高,生烃高峰就越迟,高峰值也相对较小。对于二次生烃的数量、演化路径以及生烃始点等关键问题仍存在分歧,今后应在热模拟实验的基础上,结合化学动力学和数值模拟方法,进一步加强碳酸盐岩二次生烃理论的研究。

Review on Secondary Hydrocarbon Generation of Carbonate Source Rocks

As we all known, marine source rocks distribute widely in China,which have old geological time, large burial depth and high maturity. When they reached at the critical hydrocarbon-generating temperature, the carbonate source rocks begin to generate hydrocarbon again. The secondary hydrocarbon generation means that source rocks renew hydrocarbon generation when their temperature is higher than that of the primal hydrocarbon generation and reach the limited temperature of secondary hydrocarbon generation. The main generating materials include kerogen, dissoluble organic matter, inclusion organic matter, crystal-enclosed organic matter, solid bitumen, adsorbed organic matter from primal hydrocarbon generation,stylolite organic matter and etc. Whether the primary maturity is up to the corresponding maturity that the primal hydrocarbon generation reach peak or not,the secondary hydrocarbon generation always has a relative hydrocarbon generation peak. There are some divarications on the critical problems of the secondary hydrocarbon generation, including amount, evolution route and generating start. It is suggested that tThe theory research should be strengthened upon the thermal simulation experiments,chemical dynamics and numerical simulation.