环境模拟和GIS集成的初步研究

GIS与环境模拟在技术、研究内容、方法上的进一步集成,具有广泛的应用前景.以开展的流域土壤和水资源研究模型的集成和系统化及其应用项目的实际工作,说明了环境模拟和GIS技术集成的必然性;从GIS技术的发展,环境模拟模型的改进与完善,数据的初始化与管理等方面系统地论述了环境模拟模型和GIS集成的必要性.通过现有集成模式的分析,对二者集成的概念框架以及不同的集成方式进行了概念性的描述,结合研究项目给出了集成示例.

A Preliminary Study on Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling

There is a general consensus in both GIS and environmental modeling communities that the advanced integration of GIS and environmental modeling should be promoted. In environmental modeling, populations and species, environmental media, such as air, water, soil, and environmental chemicals are the basic units. Since all the basic units do have a spatial distribution, and this distribution does affect the processes and dynamics of their interactions considerably, GIS is good at dealing with the problem of spatial relationship and spatial distribution. The overlap and relationship between GIS and environmental modeling is apparent, and integration of these two fields is an obvious and promising idea. \ \ GIS can be used to account for spatial variability, which is an essential condition for the further development from lumped to spatially distributed models. GIS also can be used to prepare and management input data for environmental models, and their final result can again be used in a GIS as a user-friendly computer presentation. At the same time, environmental models can perform function which, in the main, current GIS lack, but which is important for solving environmental problems. \ \ Based on "Integration and Systematization of Mathematic Models for Soil and Water Resources Study in a Basin and Its Application", a NSFC Program, this paper analyzed the integrative relationship between GIS and environmental modeling and pointed out the inevitability of integrating these two research fields. According to the development of GIS technology and the improvement of environmental simulation models, the necessity of integrating environmental simulation models with GIS technology is discussed, and the conceptual framework and the different formats of integration are outlined in this paper.