河北省张家口市崇礼区储雪试验的先期评估

气候变暖导致的滑雪场营业时间变短和造雪成本升高、大型体育赛事用雪缺乏保障等问题日益突出，储雪是解决这些问题的有效措施之一。然而目前基于高效隔热结构和新材料的场地储雪技术研究稀缺，无法满足日益增长的滑雪赛事与娱乐需求。为筛选储雪的最优技术方案，基于不同的隔热材料和隔热结构，在河北省张家口市崇礼区万龙滑雪场设置了四个建造成本可比的储雪堆，开展储雪试验。通过2019年2月21日—3月1日不同储雪堆隔热层的温度、雪面热流通量等数据的分析，对雪堆的储雪效果及性能进行先期评估。试验结果表明：从主要隔热结构外侧、内部、内侧到积雪表面，温度波动逐渐减小，不同隔热结构的隔热性能差异逐渐凸显；在四个储雪堆中，真空夹层储雪堆隔热效果最好，厚层聚氨酯储雪堆次之，多层中空储雪堆再次之，真空绝热板储雪堆隔热效果最差。根据试验结果，建议储雪使用真空夹层隔热结构以及较厚的隔热材料。

Preliminary evaluation of snow storage in Chongli District,Zhangjiakou City,Hebei Province

Snow storage is one of the effective measures to solve the problems caused by climate warming， such as shorter operation time of ski resorts， higher snow production cost and lack of snow guarantee for large-scale sports events. However， there is a shortage of research on snow storage technology based on efficient thermal insulation structures and new materials， which cannot meet the increasing demand for skiing events and entertainment. In order to select the optimal technical scheme for snow storage， four snow storage banks with comparable construction costs were set up in Wanlong Ski Resort in Chongli District， Zhangjiakou City， Hebei Province， based on different thermal insulation materials and thermal insulation structures. The results show that： from the outside， inside and inside of the main heat insulation structures to the snow surface， the temperature fluctuation decreases gradually， and the difference of heat insulation performance of different heat insulation structures is gradually. Among the four snow banks， the vacuum interlayer in snow bank had the best thermal insulation effect， followed by the thick layer polyurethane snow bank， the multi-layer hollow snow bank， and the vacuum insulating plate had the worst thermal insulation effect. According to the test results， it is recommended to use vacuum sandwich insulation structures and thick insulation material for snow storage.