干旱,半干旱地区水文地质研究现状

世界上近一半的国家都不同程度地受到干旱问题的影响，因而干旱、半干旱区的水文地质研究多年来一直是世界水文地质学界的研究热点。本文根据几年来所阅读的关于该方面的近百篇国内外文献资料，对干旱和半干旱地区地下水开发利用概况、地下水形成机理研究进展、干旱区大型盆地地下水运移所采用的两种模型、环境同位素技术在干旱区地下水研究中的应用、地下水流系统研究进展、地下水数值模拟及管理模型现状、干旱区包水带水文地质研究

State of the art of hydrogeological research in arid and semiarid areas

Hydrogeological research in arid and semiarid areas has been one of the hottest topics in hydrogeology,since almost half of the countries in the world have arid and semiarid areas which suffer severely from water shortage.Based on about one hundred articles and relevant documents on the subject published in recent years world wide,the paper reviews and summarises systematically and comprehensively the latest achievements of the research in several main aspects,such as groundwater exploitation and utilisation,mechanism of groundwater formation,groundwater flow system and water transporting models in large basins,application of isotopic technology in groundwater research in the areas,groundwater numerical modelling and management models,hydrogeology in unsaturated zone and condensation water in deserts,etc.Finally,major problems concerning the groundwater exploilation and utilization in the arid and semiarid areas of Northwest China are analysed,and some top study topics and approaches suggested accordingly.