地表几何形态对冲断带构造特征影响的物理模拟实验研究

设计了基底均匀的水平砂层单测挤压砂箱模型,包括水平砂层上无砂丘以及砂丘分别位于距左侧活动挡板5 cm、10 cm、15 cm、20 cm、25 cm、30 cm时的7组实验,通过实验着重对水平砂层在受单侧挤压时不同位置砂丘对冲断带的影响问题进行研究。实验结果表明,砂丘在不同位置时,冲断带的形成规模、几何形状都发生相应变化:砂丘距左侧活动挡板10～25 cm时,冲起构造发育,且冲断带的构造特征明显;而砂丘距左铡活动档板5 cm、30 cm时不发育冲起构造,主要发育逆冲断层。

Physical modeling of the effects of surface configurations on structural features of thrust zones

Seven level sand layer boxes with even floors crushed by lateral forces are designed in this experiment, with the emphasis on the effects of sand hillocks in different positions on the thrust zones when the level sand layers are crushed by lateral forces. The experimental results have disclosed that the scale and shape of the thrust zones have changed in response to the position of the sand hillocks. When the distances between the sand hillocks and left movable board are in the range of 10 -25 cm, the lifting structures are developed, while the distances vary just at 5 cm and 30 cm, the thrust faults are developed without lifting structures.