浅层地下水补给对人类活动影响的响应特征研究

本文通过数据整理分析, 查明滹沱河流域平原区1976-2005年以开采量、灌区引水量和河道过水量为代表的人类活动逐渐增强, 分析了浅层地下水补给在大气降水减少和人类活动逐渐增强背景下大幅减少的响应特征: 综合补给量所占比率由1976-1980年的21.6%下降到2000-2005年的11.3%。随后, 从开采量、河道过水量和灌区引水量三个方面分析了浅层地下水补给响应人类活动的变化特征: 地下水补给量与开采量呈y=65.412x-0.2576模式随降水量增减而负相关变化; 河道渗漏补给量和渠水入渗量在地下水位不同埋深条件下表现出随来水量、引水量增加而增大的态势, 但在不同埋深条件下, 河道渗漏补给量与来水量之间、渠水入渗量和引水量之间关系不同。

The Shallow Groundwater Recharging Characteristics Responding to Human Activities

Through data preparation and analysis of the precipitation recharge, irrigating recursive recharge, seepage from rivers and canals and lateral infiltration recharge, the authors found out that the shallow groundwater recharge resource was decreasing year after year under the background of increasing human activities: the integrated recharge was reduced acutely from 21.6% in 1976-1980 to 11.3% in 2000-2005. On such a basis, this paper analyzed the shallow groundwater variation characteristics in answer to human activities, which included exploitation, flux and irrigation area flux. The relationship between the groundwater recharge and the exploitation is expressed as y=65.412x-0.2576, which implies that the exploitation is negatively correlated with the recharge. The relationship between the riverway leakage and irrigation flux recharge and the water amount increase tends to be positive but is different at different groundwater levels. This study is of great significance for the alleviation of the overexploitation of groundwater.