亚太地区油气成藏条件及资源潜力

亚太地区是全球重要的油气产区和最大的油气消费市场。亚太地区155个主要沉积盆地中,已有90多个盆地内发现了油气田或有油气发现,共发现油气田约6 900个。根据地理位置及构造特征等,亚太地区可进一步分为东亚分区、东南亚分区、澳新分区和南亚分区,约有131个主要的含油气系统。本文对亚太地区不同分区的油气成藏条件(包括烃源岩、储集层、盖层、含油气系统等)进行了总体分析与高度概括。在此基础上,以成藏组合为基本评价单元,不同勘探程度盆地采用与之相适应的评价方法,对本地区各盆地的油气资源潜力进行了评价。评价结果表明:亚太地区常规总油气可采资源量为673.7×10⁸ t油当量,占全球的6.1%,非常规油气资源类型以重油、页岩油、油页岩、页岩气、煤层气为主,非常规油气技术总可采资源量390.4×10⁸ t当量,占全球非常规油气技术总可采资源量的6.1%。根据待发现资源结果及盆地勘探程度,近海和深海勘探是将来的勘探热点:主要勘探领域为深海和成熟盆地新层系及岩性-地层圈闭等;海相三角洲体系是寻找天然气田的重要领域;东南亚弧后盆地群新生界湖相是页岩油的有利勘探领域;澳大利亚中部克拉通盆地群泥盆系-石炭系为页岩气的有利勘探领域。

Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in and resource potential of the Asia-Pacific region

The Asia-Pacific region is an important oil and gas producing region and the largest oil and gas consumer market in the world. Of the 155 major sedimentary basins in this region, more than 90 have oil and gas fields (~6900 in total) or oil and gas occurrences. The region can be further divided into four subregions—East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia-New Zealand and South Asia—according to geographical locations and structural characteristics, and there are about 131 major petroleum systems. This paper presents an overall analysis and summary of the oil and gas accumulation conditions (source rocks, reservoirs, caprocks, petroleum systems, etc.) in each subregions. On this basis, taking the play as the basic evaluation unit, the oil and gas resource potential of each basin is evaluated. The total recoverable conventional oil and gas resources in the Asia-Pacific region is 673.7×10⁸ t of oil equivalent, or 6.1% of the world reserves. Unconventional oil and gas resources are mainly heavy oil, shale oil, oil shale, shale gas and coalbed methane. The total technological recoverable unconventional oil and gas resources is 390.4×10⁸ t of oil equivalent, or 6.1% of the world reserves. According to the estimates of undiscovered resources and resources exploration level, offshore and deep-sea exploration will be the focus of the future: New strata and lithologic and stratigraphic traps in deep-sea and mature basins are the main exploration domains; marine deltas are an important prospecting target for natural gas fields; Cenozoic lacustrine facies of the back-arc basin group in Southeast Asia is a favorable exploration target for shale oil; and Devonian-Carboniferous cratonic basins in central Australia are the favorable shale gas exploration areas.