中国晚前寒武纪微古植物研究

通过对近20年来微古植物研究成果的总结,得出如下五个结论:1)中国的晚前寒武纪发现了微古植物约128属,569种,可分为四大组合。2)长城系(14~18亿年左右)主要是以细菌和蓝藻为代表的原核细胞生物占有生物界的时期,但其中已有真核细胞生物出现。另外有Chuaria 状等化石的出现和广泛分布。3)蓟县系(10~14亿年左右)是真核细胞中的高级藻类大量出现时期,红藻、褐藻,蓝藻相对减少。4)青白口系(8~10亿年左右)是褐藻植物相对繁盛时期,并有Chuaria及Shouhsienia 等化石。5)震旦系下统(7~8亿年左右)生物群特征与青白口系相近似,仍以藻类植物为主,有少量后生动物。震旦系上统(6~7亿年左右)动物界和植物界都有显著变化,微古植物出现新的类型,后生植物和软躯体的后生动物大量繁衍,末期有海绵及个别软舌螺类等具骨骼的后生动物。寒武纪开始,有大量多门类小壳动物,植物界则有刺球藻亚群,这表明生物界已发展到一个新阶段。

Research on the Microplants in Late Precambrian of China

By summing up achievements of research on microplants of the Late Precambrian for recent 20 years, the author obtains five conclusions as follows: 1).There are microplants,128 genera, 569 species in the Late Precambrian of China, dividing four assemblages. The appearance and decline of genera and species of different types of different periods are the basic law of evolution in biological kingdom, it can be used as the marks of stratigraphic division and correlation. 2). The Changcheng System (1 400~1 800 Ma or so) is the period of Prokaryota, which mainly consists of bacteria and blue algae, but there are eukaryota as well. In addition, there are Pseudochuaria, widely dispersed in this period. 3).There are a lot of higher algae of eukaryota in Jixian system (1 000~1 400 Ma or so), which are red algae, brown algae, but a few blue algae.4). The Qingbaikou system(800~1000 Ma or so) is the relatively flourishing period of brown algae plants, Chuaria and Shouhsienia emerge and widely distribute. 5).Fauna and flora both of upper series of Sinian system took place notable changes, the new microplants appear, post plants and post animal of soft body multiply enormously and widespreadly distribute, there are spones and a few Hyolithes in the last stage. To the beginning of Cambrian period,there are a large number of small shelly animals, this indicates a new phase of development of biological kingdom.