霞浦核电基地海洋生物放射性本底水平及辐射剂量评价

为掌握霞浦核电基地海洋生物的放射性本底水平，在其周边50 km范围内采集5类9种海洋生物样品，测量其中的天然放射性核素238U、232Th、226Ra、40K，以及人工放射性核素137Cs、134Cs、90Sr、58Co、60Co、54Mn、110mAg、65Zn的活度浓度并进行辐射剂量评价。结果显示，所有样品中134Cs、58Co、60Co、54Mn、110mAg、65Zn的活度浓度均低于最小可探测活度浓度，238U、232Th、226Ra、40K、137Cs和90Sr的平均活度浓度分别为(0.48±0.48)、(0.86±1.20)、(0.27±0.34)、(74.3±43.0)、(0.023±0.019)、(0.242±0.167) Bq/kg，处于我国食品天然放射性本底水平内。当地公众由于食入海产品所致年有效剂量为55.1 μSv/a，其中137Cs、90Sr所致剂量分别为0.021、0.49 μSv/a；海洋生物所受辐射剂量为0.048~0.276 μSv/h。〖JP2〗当地公众及海洋生物所受辐射剂量均远低于国家标准限值或国际推荐控制值。本次调查为霞浦核电厂运行前海洋生物放射性本底建立了基线数据，并提出了今后海洋生物监测的重点核素，除137Cs、134Cs、90Sr、58Co、60Co、54Mn、110mAg、65Zn，还应增加对3H、14C、131I的监测。

Marine organism radioactivity baseline and radiological dose assessment near Xiapu Nuclear Power Plant, China

Ecosystem function refers to the ability of an ecosystem to maintain its own or other ecosystem health and to provide products and services directly or indirectly for human beings. The objective evaluation of coral reef ecosystem function is significantly important to realize the effective protection and sustainable utilization of resources. This paper analyzes the generation mechanism of coral reef ecosystem function based on the concept and connotation of ecosystem function. It provides a quantitative overall evaluation on the health and function of coral reef ecosystem integrity of Xuwen National Coral Reef Nature Reserve in 2006 and 2016 survey data using the coral reef ecosystem function evaluation method based on the coral reef ecosystem function index (CREFI). The results showed that the CREFI in Xuwen National Coral Reef Nature Reserve in 2016 was higher than that in 2006, which was mainly due to the decrease in the mortality rate of coral reefs and the obvious increase in the species of herbivorous fish. The evaluation results of CREFI with clear goals and theoretical framework of application, available and scientific evaluation data can clearly reflect the temporal and spatial variations, the healthy status and function stability of the coral reef ecosystem function. It also provides a reference for coral reef ecosystem management and decision-making as a quantitative evaluation model of coral reef ecosystem function.