2012年4—10月我国主要暴雨天气过程简述

利用日降水资料(08—08时)和常规天气图资料,以1981—2010年30 a平均降水量为气候态,统计2012年4—10月我国主要暴雨天气过程,概述各主要暴雨过程的重要影响系统、出现时段、范围及累积降水量。结果表明:2012年4—10月我国共出现190个暴雨日,34次主要暴雨过程,单站最大日降水量487mm,过程最大降水量631mm;4月华南、江南大暴雨过程比常年偏多,7月中下旬长江流域强降水频繁,长江三峡出现建库以来最大洪峰;汛期登陆我国的台风偏多且时间集中,北上台风偏多;汛期北方降水量比常年偏多,多个大中城市出现严重内涝。

Important heavy rain processes in China from April to October in 2012

Based on daily precipitation data and operational synoptic chart, important heavy rain processes in China from April to October in 2012 were selected by comparing with the 30 a mean precipitation from 1981 to 2010, and a brief introduction on the synoptic system, rainfall occurrence time, rainfall area and accumulative amount of precipitation of these processes is presented. The statistical results indicate that there were 190 heavy-rain-days and 34 important heavy rain processes in China from April to October in 2012. Single station daily maximum precipitation is 487 mm and the process maximum rainfall is 631 ram. The rainstorm processes are more than average year in the South China and the regions south of the Yangtze River in April. Heavy rain in mid-late of July occurred frequently in the Yangtze River basin and caused the largest flood peak of the Yangtze River Three Gorges since being built. The amount of landing typhoon and typhoon moving north are more than that in average year and occurred in the short time. The precipitation in north China is more than that in average year in flood season and severe waterlogging happened in many large and medium cities.