高性能计算系统性能评测方法及其应用

为满足国家级气象数值模式业务系统对高性能计算资源不断增长的需求，提供规模更大、性能更优的高性能计算支撑平台，在高性能计算系统引进工作中开展了基于气象数值模式应用的高性能计算系统性能评测技术研究。该文将行业标准与实际业务应用相结合，设计了高性能计算系统性能评测方案，建立了中国气象局气象行业高性能计算系统性能评测模型。共选取10个测试程序，分别对单节点性能、网络性能和加速比等8个指标进行了测试和量化评分，并对主要测试结果中具有代表性的气象要素场进行了物理意义合理性检查。评测结果表明:评测方案设计合理，评测模型研究取得较好效果，保障了高性能计算系统引进工作顺利完成。

High performance Computing System Performance Evaluation Method and Its Application

Meteorological numerical simulation has a high requirement on hardware structure, software realization and system performance of high performance computing system. It's one of the main applications of high performance computing (HPC). With the development of HPC, the scale of the high performance computers is expanded rapidly. The peak performance of computers increases in a continuous and rapid way. But the sustained performance achieved by the real applications does not increase in the same scale as the peak performance does. As the computer architectures and program structures are becoming much more complex, more and more factors may affect the performance of programs.Combined with the real meteorological numerical model, the technical research work of effective performance evaluation to high performance computing system has more and more important guiding significance of each stage in system's procurement, installation and performance optimization.In order to promote the ability of dealing with climate change science and technology support, China Meteorological Administration starts a new generation of national meteorological high performance computing power construction. The high performance computing system performance evaluation technology research during this period is carried out.The computing features of meteorological numerical models and its demand for high performance computing systems are analyzed in detail. Combined with the existing high performance computing system architectures and the attributes of software and hardware, the performance evaluation scheme of high performance computing system is proposed. Adopting the actual measurement, benchmark test and evaluation model methods, the comprehensive performance test of high performance computing system is carried out. The test is divided into two stages. In system selection stage, the evaluation model method and benchmark test method are used. In the system installation and debugging stage, the actual measurement method is used. The research results are applied to the practical work, conducting reasonable inspection, performance and function analysis and contrasting to the test results of mainstream high performance computing systems. Through quantitative marking, the high performance computing systems are evaluated reasonably and objectively. The practice result shows that the evaluation scheme design is reasonable and evaluation model research has achieved good results, ensuring the new generation of high performance computing system bidding work successfully completed.With the rising requirements of meteorological numerical model and the development of high performance computing environment, the test program set, evaluation method and evaluation model will be optimized and improved continuously. And on this basis, scalable high performance computing system performance evaluation model for heterogeneous system will be built.