一个有三重水平结构的台风数值模式及其应用

在PSU/NCAR的中尺度模式MM4的基础上，发展了一个具有三重水平结构的台风数值模式。模式水平方向分为高分辨率的关键区、较高分辨率的中重区及分辨率较低的外重区，三个区之间实现了双向嵌套。模式考虑了较完整的物理过程，包括地形和地面摩擦、水平和垂直方向的动量、热量及水汽的扩散过程、潜热和地面感热作用、云和辐射作用以及积云对流过程等。由多例数值研究及业务试应用结果表明，该模式不仅能较成功地预报出台风登陆、台风转向路径、台风环流变化等，而且对不同台风过程中的暴雨中心位置和强度、雨量、雨区范围以及雨区的扩展也能得

A Typhoon Numerical Model With Horizontally Threefold Structure and Its Applications

A typhoon numerical model with horizontally threefold structure has been developed based on the MM4 model introduced from PSU/NCAR. The model was constructed of the inner, middle, outer regions with three kinds of different resolutions, respectively, and the double-way boundary feedbacks are also available between the different regions of the model. Integral physical processes are considered in the model including the effects of mountains and surface frictions, diffusions of momentum, heat and water vapor, effects of latent and sensible heat at the earth’s surface, effects of cloud and radiations and cumulus convection. The studies and the operational application results have shown that the model can predict not only the landing and recurvature tracks of typhoon and their circulation changes, but also the locations and intensities of the typhoon centers, the total rainfall amount, the rain areas and its expansion in the different typhoon processes.