海口市PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)和PM_1质量浓度的变化特征分析

利用2013年在海口市气象局地面气象观测站采集的PM10、PM2.5和PM1质量浓度数据,分析了2013年可吸入颗粒物质量浓度的变化特征,并对其成因进行了初步分析。结果表明:2013年海口市PM10、PM2.5和PM1质量浓度的变化趋势基本相同,PM10、PM2.5质量浓度的超标率低,达到一级标准的概率分别为74.0%和68.8%,超过2级标准的天数分别为1和9 d,ρ(PM2.5)/ρ(PM10)与ρ(PM1)/ρ(PM2.5)的比例平均分别为78.1%和85.1%;海口PM10、PM2.5和PM1质量浓度冬季最高,夏季最低,春、秋两季处于冬夏之间;PM10、PM2.5和PM1质量浓度的日变化呈双峰现象,一个峰出现在上午,一个峰出现在夜间;颗粒物质量浓度的变化主要受到气象条件和污染物排放的影响。

Analysis of the Variations of Mass Concentration of PM10,PM2.5 and PM1 in the City of Haikou

Using the data of mass concentration of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 in the city of Haikou gathered by its surface observation station in 2013, this paper studies the variations of mass concentration of inhalable particles and makes a preliminary analysis of its causation. It is shown that the trend of variations of mass concentration is basically the same for all three particles and the rates off the standard limit are low with the first two particles; they are within the first-level standard by probabilities of 78.1% and 68.8% , respectively, and the number of days worsening than the second-level standard is 1 and 9 d, respectively. The ratios of ρ（ PM2. s ） / ρ （ PM 10 ） to ρ （ PM i0 ）/ρ （ PM1 ） are 78.1% and 85.1%, respectively. For all the three partides of Haikou, the mass concentration is the highest in winter and lowest in summer, with spring and autumn in between. Their diurnal variations are of dual peaks, one appearing in the morning and the other during the night. The variation of mass concentration is mainly subject to meteorological conditions and emission of pollutants.