重庆市主城区雾霾天气过程的污染特征分析

利用重庆主城区沙坪坝站2002~2014年逐日气象观测资料和2009~2011年10月至翌年3月逐时气象观测及污染监测资料,对雾霾天气过程中SO₂、NO₂和PM10污染物浓度变化及与气温、风和降水等地面气象要素的关系进行分析。结果表明:2009~2011年重庆主城区共出现Ⅰ级至Ⅳ级不同强度的雾霾天气过程共27次,雾霾天气过程中SO₂浓度变化为单峰型,峰值出现在中午,白天浓度大于夜间;NO₂浓度变化为双峰型,主峰值出现在晚上20时,次峰值出现在中午12时;PM10的日变化幅度较SO₂和NO₂变幅小,呈双峰双谷型;污染物浓度与气温、相对湿度的相关性比较好,静风条件有利于污染物积累,降水对污染物有较明显的清除作用。 

The Analysis of Atmospheric Pollution Feature for the Fog and Haze Weather Process in Chongqing Metropolitan Area

Using the daily meteorological observation data of the Shapingba station in the Chongqing metropolitan area for2002 ~ 2014 years, the data of meteorological observation and pollution monitoring from October to March, The relationship between the concentration changes of SO₂, NO₂ and PM10 in different grades of fog and haze and the relationship with air temperature, wind and precipitation were studied. The results show that there were 27 different stages of fog and haze weather process from grade Ⅰ to IV in Chongqing metropolitan area in the 2009 ~ 2011 year. Among them, the concentration of SO₂ was a single peak, the peak appeared at noon, the concentration of the day was greater than the night, the concentration of NO₂ was a double peak curve, the main peak value appeared at 20 at night, and the secondary peak appeared at 12 noon. The daily variation range of PM10 is smaller than that of SO₂ and NO₂. The correlation between the concentration of pollutants and the temperature and relative humidity is better. The static wind are not beneficial to the dilution and diffusion of pollutants, and the precipitation has a clearer clearance effect on the pollutants.