酸雨观测质量考核方法的改进与评估

本文汇总整理了20余年来中国气象局酸雨观测站网未知水样考核数据,对比分析了2005和2007年考核成绩评定方法和考核水样制备方法改进前后的差异,对方法改进的效果进行了评估。分析显示,改进后的方法与WMO-GAW的标准技术方法接轨,成绩评定更加客观,考核水样pH值、电导率和化学组成与实际降水相近,更加有利于真实准确地反映台站降水测量的技术状态,对整个观测站网业务质量的不断改进提高起到了积极的促进作用。

Improvement of Blind Sample Inter-Comparison Study of Acid Rain Monitoring Network

To evaluate the method improvements on the blind sample preparation and the data calculation, this paper describes the method of the blind samples inter comparison study, which is conducted annually among the Acid Rain Monitoring Network of China Meteorological Administration (ARMN/CMA), and presents analysis on the pH and conductivity measurement deviations from 376 stations since early 1990s. The analysis indicates that the blind samples prepared during 2007-2017 by the improved method, which is inconsistent with WMO GAW protocol, cover the coincident ranges of pH, conductivity and ionic composition with the actual precipitation. The improved data calculation method adopted since 2005, which derives the statistical true value and the standard deviation of the pH measurement and conductivity measurement of the blind samples, shows obviously an improvement in reflecting overall status and annual performance changes of ARMN/CMA stations in pH and conductivity measurement. The annual blind samples inter comparison study is playing a key role in the ARMN/CMA quality management system.