热带风暴Fitow(0114)暴雨的中尺度特征及成因分析

利用非静力中尺度模式MM5对0114号热带风暴Fitow从2001年8月31日00时(UTC)到9月2日00时的降水过程进行了模拟,采用滤波方法对模式结果进行了尺度分离,分析了暴雨发生时的中尺度特征及成因.结果表明:MM5模式对Fitow登陆过程的降水模拟较成功,暴雨的落区和强度与实况比较一致.Fitow暴雨的中尺度特征在降水的时间尺度、空间尺度、高低空流场和散度场上都很明显.正是维持少动的TC倒槽和嵌入其上的这些中小尺度系统相互作用造成了暴雨的发生,而高低空中尺度散度场的配置对这类暴雨有很好的指示意义.华南地形和海陆分布与暴雨的发生发展有密切的关系.弱的层结不稳定或中性层结是有利于暴雨系统发展的环境条件.

MESOSCALE CHARACTERISTICS AND CAUSES OF TROPICAL STORM FITOW(0114) HEAVY RAIN

With PSU/NCAR nonhydrostatic mesoscale model MM5,the rainfall process of tropical storm Fitow(0114) is simulated for 00UTC31 Aug. -00UTC2 Sept. 2001, Mesoscale dis-creting is performed on the results with filtering scheme. Analyses show that the MM5 model well reproduced the position and intensity of heavy rain. Mesoscale characteristics of heavy rain were well represented in rainfall time scale, rainfall area, stream field and divergence at lower and upper levels. The interaction between inverted typhoon trough and these mesoscale systems lead to heavy rain occurrence. The distribution of divergence fields at lower and upper levels can have a kind of indication for the rainfall. Heavy rain are affected by topography and coast in South China. Weak instability is favorable to the generation of heavy rain.