基于MODIS数据的新疆大气气溶胶光学厚度时空变化分析

利用中分辨率成像光谱仪（Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer,MODIS）大气气溶胶光学厚度产品数据，采用三角剖分算法、最近邻点搜索、插值法和趋势分析法，分析新疆气溶胶光学厚度（Aerosol Optical Depth,AOD）时空变化。结果表明：（1）新疆AOD总体呈下降趋势且地域差异明显，南疆AOD明显高于北疆，高值区主要集中在塔里木盆地边缘和天山北坡经济带。（2）北疆AOD年际变化不明显。2014年最高，2005年最低，年均值在0.15～0.18。南疆则呈明显的年际变化。最高值出现在2006年，为0.42；最低值出现在2017年，为0.22。（3）新疆AOD呈明显季节变化特征。春季最大，秋季最小。（4）2003—2019年南疆环塔里木盆地北部、东南边缘和北疆沿天山北坡经济带AOD增量明显。

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Aerosol Optical Depth in Xinjiang Derived from MODIS Observations

The MODIS Aqua C6.1 aerosol optical depth (AOD) products were employed to analyze the temporal and spatial variations of AOD in Xinjiang, by using Triangulation Algorithm, nearest neighbor search, interpolation and trend analysis. The results show that: (1) The AOD climatology is generally higher over the southern Xinjiang than that over the northern Xinjiang with remarkable regional features. AOD exceed 0.6 over the Tarim Basin along its periphery, while excel 0.3 over the economic belt along the northern slope of Ten-zan for the influences of human activity. (2) The annual mean AOD area-averaged over northern Xinjiang varies from 0.15 to 0.18 with the highest appearing in 2014 and the lowest in 2005. Over the southern Xinjiang, AOD presents an obvious interannual variability with the highest value of 0.42 emerging in 2006 and the lowest value of 0.22 in 2017. (3) As for the seasonal cycle, AOD reaches the maximum in spring affected by dust weather, and achieves the minimum in autumn for the climatic drivers. (4) During the recent 17 years, AOD tends to increase significantly over the northern and southeastern Tarim Basin and the economic belt along the north slope of Ten-zan, especially in spring and summer.