测风塔资料质量控制及效果检验评估

本文针对择取的103座测风塔资料提出了一套完整的质量控制方案,并基于JRA-55、CRA-40等再分析资料,对测风塔资料的数据质量及质控方案效果进行检验评估。结果表明：(1)有观测数据的测风塔数目在2010—2011年时间段内为最多,有400座左右；随后测风塔数量逐年减少,直到2018年以后,仅存大约50个测风塔有观测数据；(2)对本文选取103座测风塔开展质量控制,发现绝大部分测风塔数据的缺测率、可疑率和错误率都较低,只有少数测风塔在某些观测高度处的上述三个指标较高；(3)无论是温度还是U风,测风塔资料与JRA-55再分析背景场资料的OMB结果都更接近0值,显示出相对于CRA-40再分析资料,JRA-55再分析资料在近地面气象要素重现模拟上具有一定的优势；(4)基于再分析资料对测风塔观测资料质量控制效果进行检验评估结果表明,质量控制后的温度和UV风相对于再分析资料的偏差更接近于0值,标准差减小。相较而言,质量控制后UV风偏差和标准差减小的更多,其应用效果较温度要素好。

Quality Control and EffectEvaluation of Wind Tower Data in China

This article proposes a complete quality control plan for the selected data of 103 wind measurement towers. Based on the reanalysis data such as JRA-55 and CRA-40, we test and evaluate the data quality and quality control plan effectiveness of the wind measurement tower data. The results indicate that: (1) the number of wind towers with observed data was the highest during the period from 2010 to 2011, with around 400 towers; Subsequently, the number of wind measuring towers decreased year by year, until after 2018, only about 50 wind measuring towers had observed data; (2) For the quality control of 103 wind measurement towers selected in this article, it was found that the majority of wind measurement tower data have low missing measurement rates, suspicious rates, and error rates, with only a few wind measurement towers having higher values for the above three indicators at certain observation heights; (3) Whether it is temperature or U-wind, the OMB results of the wind tower data and the JRA-55 reanalysis background field data are closer to zero, indicating that compared to the CRA-40 reanalysis data, the JRA-55 reanalysis data has certain advantages in simulating the recurrence of near-surface meteorological elements; (4) The inspection and evaluation of the quality control effect of wind tower observation data based on reanalysis data showed that, the deviation of temperature and UV wind after quality control compared to reanalysis data is closer to zero, and the standard deviation is reduced. In comparison, after quality control, the UV wind deviation and standard deviation decrease more, and its application effect is better than that of temperature factors.