沿天山高速公路冰雪灾害分析及其对交通安全的影响

利用2002年12月-2006年12月沿天山高速公路因恶劣天气导致交通管制统计记录，结合相应时间段高速公路沿线气象资料，对比分析了高速公路冰雪灾害对交通安全的影响，结果表明：高速公路冰雪灾害的危害程度依次是道路结冰、风吹雪、强降雪。路面结冰主要影响路段在吐乌大高速公路、乌奎高速公路和乌鲁木齐机场高速公路；风吹雪集中出现在达坂城到乌鲁木齐一线；除了吐乌大高速达坂城到吐鲁番段没有因强降雪影响交通的记录外，沿天山其它各段均有发生。归纳了高速公路冰雪灾害气象要素预报指标，建立了预报模型，制定出冰雪灾害的气象指数等级、安全行车预防措施，为交通运输气象服务提供具体可操作的预报产品。

Ice and Snow Disasters Along the Tianshan Expressway and Its Impact on Traffic Safety

In this paper the ice and snow disasters along the Tianshan Expressway and their impact on traffic safety were analyzed using statistical records of the traffic control due to inclement weather from December 2002 to December 2006 combined with the meteorological data along the expressway in the corresponding period. The results show as follows. The most harm of expressway ice and snow disasters was road icing followed by wind and snow, heavy snowfall. The major impact sections of road icing are in Turpan - Urumqi - Dahuangshan expressway, Urumqi -Kuitun expressway and Urumqi airport expressway. Wind and snow are concentrated in Dabancheng to Urumqi section. Their impact on traffic safety had been recorded in all section of expressway along Tianshan except Dabancheng to Turpan section of Turpan - Urumqi - Dahuangshan expressway. A prediction model was established based on summing up forecast indicators of the highway ice and snow disasters of meteorological elements, which could develop a weather index level of the ice and snow disaster in order to provide specific operational forecast products for safe driving prevention measures.