近64a阿勒泰市春季不同等级寒潮过程气候特征

本文整理出阿勒泰市64年各级别强度寒潮过程数据库，分析阿勒泰市近64a来各级别寒潮过程的频数以及强度相关6个指标的气候特征，结果表明：（1）1954～2017年春季阿勒泰市共发生一般寒潮过程109.5次，强寒潮过程75.5次，特强寒潮过程37.5次；平均每年春季分别发生1.7次、1.2次和0.6次；3种级别寒潮过程发生频次占寒潮过程发生总频次的48.2%、33.3%和16.5%，阿勒泰市春季主要以一般寒潮和强寒潮为主。（2）春季一般寒潮、强寒潮和特强寒潮过程频数年际变化均在递减，且不显著，其中4月一般寒潮和特强寒潮过程递增，特强寒潮过程频数递增明显；一般寒潮过程频数的年代际变化在1950年代最多，强寒潮过程1970年代最多，特强寒潮过程1960年代和2000-2009年代最多。（3）一般、强和特强寒潮过程持续时间分别在1～7d、1～6d和1～5d，均以持续1～3d为主，分别占各自寒潮过程总次数的94.5%、90.8%和90.0%，其中又都以持续2d最多。（4）一般寒潮、强寒潮和特强寒潮过程降温幅度平均值分别为-10.8℃、-13.0℃和-17.3℃，一般寒潮和强寒潮降温幅度均在5月最强，特强寒潮降温幅度在3月最强。（5）一般寒潮、强寒潮和特强寒潮降温过程最低气温平均值分别为-7.8℃、-12.8℃和-20.3℃，随时间的推移呈明显的抬升趋势。（6）1954～2017年阿勒泰市春季一般寒潮、强寒潮和特强寒潮中降温过程最低气温距平平均值分别为-5.7℃、-7.9℃和-10.5℃；三种级别寒潮过程最低气温距平为负值占该级别寒潮过程频数的比例分别为80.0%、97.4%和97.5%。

Frequency and intensity climate characteristics of cold wave process in Aletai city of near 64a in spring

the Aletai climate stations daily minimum temperature data, length of data from 1954 to 2017 in spring (February 26th to May 31st each year, a total of 63 years), the daily minimum temperature and cooling rate as the index, sort out 64 years in Aletai City, the strength of cold wave process database, climate characteristics, analysis of Aletai city to nearly 64a the level of the frequency and intensity of cold wave process related 6 index results showed that: (1) in the spring of 1954~2017 years (3~5 months) in Aletai city were generally cold 109.5 times, 75.5 times the strong cold wave, strong cold wave process 37.5 times; the average annual spring were 1.7 times, 1.2 times and 0.6 times; 3 a cold wave frequency level accounted for 48.2%, the total frequency of cold wave occurred in 33.3% and 16.5%, Aletai city in the spring, mainly in general cold wave and strong cold wave. (2) spring cold wave, strong cold wave and strong cold wave variation of frequency are in decline, and not significant, which in April the general cold and strong cold wave increases, and strong cold wave frequency increased significantly; the general cold frequency decadal variation can be found, the highest in 1950s and 1970. The most strong cold wave, strong cold wave in 1960s and 2000-2009 in the most. (3) the duration of cold wave in general, strong and strong cold weather is 1 ~ 7d, 1 ~ 6D and 1 ~ 5D, respectively, which are mainly 1 ~ 3D. They account for 94.5%, 90.8% and 90% of the total cold wave process respectively, and the most persistent 2D is. (4) general cold wave, strong cold wave and strong cold wave temperature range respectively -10.8 DEG and -13.0 DEG C and C -17.3, March, April and May respectively, the average amplitude of the cooling process of -10.3, -10.9 and -11.3 C C C; the general cold and strong cold cooling rate in May was the strongest, strong cold wave the temperature range is strongest in March. (5) the average temperature in the cold wave, the strong cold wave and the strong cold wave is -7.8, -12.8 and -20.3, respectively. (6) 1954~2017 years of Aletai city spring cold wave, strong cold wave and strong cold wave in the cooling process of the minimum temperature anomaly respectively -5.7 DEG and -7.9 DEG C and C -10.5; three level cold wave minimum temperature anomaly is negative for the level of the percentage of cold wave frequency was 80%, 97.4% and 97.5%.