地面自动站气压的台站极值检查方法研究

根据压高公式,利用2 000多个国家级台站海拔高度和本站气压观测资料,得到了自动站本站气压的台站极值检查方法,称为"台站海拔高度统计法"。首先由观测资料得到台站海拔高度和本站气压的指数经验公式,此经验公式可以计算出本站气压的估计值;然后由经验公式,选α=0.01,可以估算出0.01信度下本站气压的取值范围,其中剩余均方差的估算方法类同本站气压的估计方法。使用台站海拔高度统计法依次对国家基准站、国家级台站以及区域自动站定时气压进行试验,试验效果较好。此方法可以用于气象业务中实时和非实时气压质量控制流程中的台站气压极值检查。

Check method on surface pressure extreme value from ground automatic weather station

According to hydrostatic formula, elevation height data from about 2000 national weather stations and surface pressure observation data from the current station, the check method of surface pressure extreme value was developed. This method was called as station elevation height statistical method. At first, station elevation height and the exponent empirical formula of the current station surface pressure were obtained by observation data, and this empirical formula can calculate estimation value of the current station surface pressure. Secondly, the ranges of the current station surface pressure values would be estimated by empirical formula when value of  equals 0.01, and the estimation method of residual difference is similar. Surface pressure from national norm station, national station and regional automatic station is tested by station elevation height statistical method, and the effects are good. This method could be used to check station surface pressure extreme value.