城市化进程对北京区域气象场的影响模拟

城市化所导致的下垫面的改变会直接影响局地气象。根据北京城市测绘院提供的北京市楼房建筑平均高度资料,利用中尺度数值模式(MM5V3)模拟了城市化进程引起的气象效应,并与奥林匹克公园站等6个地面观测资料进行了比较。结果表明:MM5V3可以很好地模拟下垫面类型改变导致的气象效应,城市升温效果获得了较好的体现,风速模拟值减小,风向的模拟得到较明显的改善,气压和风速的统计偏差也明显减小。分析结果还揭示了稳定天气条件下北京地区气象场的模拟及实时预报必须考虑精细化的地形及下垫面状况。

Simulation for impact of urbanization on meteorological conditions in Beijing area

The changes of underlying surface types caused by urbanization would influence the local meteorological conditions directly.According to the average height data of Beijing buildings from Beijing surveying institute,the underlying surface types in land use map were revised.The meteorological conditions were simulated by mesoscale model MM5V3,and it was compared with the result using the observation data from 6 stations.The result indicated that the simulation accuracy of meteorological conditions was improved for using the revised underlying surface types map and mesoscale model MM5V3,especially that of temperature and wind direction.And the statistics deviation of atmospheric pressure and wind speed were obviously reduced.The result also revealed the fine terrain and underlying surface types should be considered under the stable weather conditions in order to simulate the meteorological conditions and realize the real time forecast.