新疆吐鲁番市1952～2012年气温变化特征及城市化影响

利用吐鲁番气象站1952 ～2012 年逐月平均气温和平均最高、最低气温,逐日最高、最低气温以及高温、低温日数资料,采用线性回归、9 a 滑动平均方法,研究吐鲁番市近61 a 气温变化趋势,对比了吐鲁番东坎农试站1981 ～2012 年逐月平均最高、最低气温资料,分析近32 a 城市化进程对吐鲁番市气温的影响.结果表明：吐鲁番市除夏季平均气温、冬季极端最高气温呈下降趋势外,其余均呈不同程度上升趋势,其中尤以冬季极端最低气温和平均最低气温增加最为显著,且气温增加趋势夏季均低于冬季;高温日以1. 3 d/10 a 速率增加,而低温日以4. 8 d/10 a 速率减少;城市化进程对温度的影响具有季节变化和日变化特点.冬季温度差大于其他季节,最低温度温差明显大于最高温度温差.

Variation Characteristics of Temperature During 1952-2012 and the Urbanization Impact in Turpan of Xinjiang

Based on monthly average temperature, average maximum and minimum temperature, daffy maximum and minimum tempera- ture, high temperature days and low temperature days data during 1951 - 2012 from Turpan meteorological station of Xinjing, the varia- tion trend of temperature was studied by using linear regression and 9 - year moving average method in Turpan in recent 61 years, and compared with lnont}lly average nlaxinlunl and nlininlunl temperature in Dongkan agriculture test station of Turpan from 1981 to 2012, the effect of urbanization d Turpan on temperature was analyzed. The results showed that the rest d temperature increased at different levels in Turpan during 1952 - 2012 except that average summer temperature and winter extreme maximum temperature decreased insig- nificantly, and especially the increase of extreme minimum temperature and mean minimum temperature in winter was most significant. in additional, the increasing trends of temperature in summer were lower than that of in winter. The days of high temperature increased at a rate of 1.3 eL/10 a, while that d low temperature reduced at a rate of 4.8 d/10 a. The effects of urbanization on temperature showed obvious seasonal and diurnal variation. The temperature difference in winter was greater than that in other seasons, and that of minimum temperature was obviously greater than that of maximum temperature.