一次春季冷空气过程中东海海域海气通量与界面热交换分析

利用船测资料分析一次冷空气过程中东海海域海气通量特征及海洋表面热收支变化特征。2017年5月5日20时—6日14时冷空气过境期间，动量通量平均值为0.22 N·m-2。感热和潜热通量的平均值分别为27.17 W·m-2和90.25 W·m-2，是春季整个观测期间（2017年4月20日—5月26日）平均值的2.8倍和1.1倍。冷空气爆发当天，净热通量为-12.73 W·m-2，海洋失热。白天海表面热收入58.36 W·m-2，影响海面热收支变化的主要是净辐射通量和潜热通量。夜间海表面热支出156.89 W·m-2，海洋作为热源向大气释放潜热99.79 W·m-2，占海洋释放能量过程的63.61%，向大气释放感热27.11 W·m-2，占海表释放热量的17.28%，海表面损失的热量主要以潜热的形式向大气传输。

Analysis of the air-sea fluxes and sea-surface heat budget provoked by a cold air process over the East China Sea in spring

The air-sea fluxes and sea-surface heat budget over the East China Sea during a cold air intrusion are analyzed based on the observation data from a research vessel. During the period of the cold air from 20:00 on 5 to 14:00 on 6 May 2017, the average momentum flux was 0.22 N·m-2. The mean values of the sensible heat flux and the latent heat were respectively 27.17 W·m-2 and 90.25 W·m-2, which were 2.8 and 1.1 times of the mean value in the entire observation period (20 April to 26 May 2017). The daily mean net heat flux was -12.73 W·m-2 and the sea was losing heat during the cold air. During the day time of the cold air intrusion, the sea surface gained the heat of 58.36 W·m-2. The sea-surface heat budget was mainly affected by the net radiant flux and latent heat flux. During the night time, the sea surface lost the heat of 156.89 W·m-2, of which the latent heat flux (sensible heat flux) was 99.79 W·m-2 (27.11 W·m-2), accounting for 63.61% (17.28%) of the total heat released from the sea surface. The heat was transferred from sea surface to the atmosphere mainly by the latent heat flux.