作物病虫害遥感监测与预测研究进展

作物病虫害作为严重的生物灾害已危及到世界农业生产和粮食安全，病虫害对我国粮食生产造成的损失日益加剧，植保部门目前使用的测报和防控方式无法满足大范围的精准、高效、绿色科学防控需求.因此，建立基于遥感手段的高效、无损的大面积病虫害监测预测方法，将提升我国大面积作物病虫害的监测和测报精度与防控水平，有利于减少农药施用，对保障国家粮食和食品安全，实现农业可持续发展具有重要战略意义.近年来出现的多种形式的作物病虫害遥感监测方法和技术手段为病虫害的有效防治和管理提供了重要支撑，通过对相关技术方法进行综述，本文从多尺度下的作物病虫害遥感监测与预测机理、监测方法、预测预报方法、典型模型与应用等方面阐述了作物病虫害遥感监测和预测预报研究进展，并探讨了作物病虫害遥感监测当前面临的挑战以及未来发展趋势，建议通过建立全国尺度的作物病虫害遥感监测预测系统，构建作物病虫害绿色智能防控体系，实现病虫害大面积、快速的监测、预测预报和精准、高效、绿色科学防控.

Progress in monitoring and forecasting of crop pests and diseases by remote sensing

Crop pests and diseases have caused serious crop yield loss all over the world.Therefore,the establishment of un-destructive and effective method for monitoring and forecasting of crop pests and diseases at large scale is of great importance for crop management.In recent years,crop pests and diseases forecasting information is available and integrated with multi-source datasets (Earth Observation (EO),meteorological,biopesticide and crop control) to make foundation for sustainable management of pests and diseases.This paper summarizes domestic and overseas research progresses on remote sensing systems,monitoring methods,features and algorithms.Approaches for the dynamic remote sensing monitoring of pest and disease environment and development are investigated with multi-source EO data (hyperspectral,high spatial and high temporal satellite images).This paper introduces the progress for crop pests and diseases monitoring and forecasting mechanism,models,methods and applications at leaf,canopy and regional scale.It explores their system outputs to provide information for pest and disease management with new biopesticides and automatic Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) spraying system to produce an estimation of risk or potential yield losses.The crop pests and diseases remote sensing monitoring and forecasting system should be constructed by integration with EO data,meteorological data and crop control data to produce national pests and diseases maps and scientific reports.Crop pests and diseases monitoring and forecasting by remote sensing will be beneficial for the improvement of regional crop pests and diseases forecasting and sustainable management to guarantee food security and promote agricultural modernization.