潜热和惯性不稳定与气旋爆发性发展关系的数值研究

利用PSU／NCARMM5模式对1981年12月19日20时-21日20时一次太平洋西部气旋强烈爆发过程进行干过程和控制过程对比数值模拟试验，得出：潜热释放使对流层顶和等温面抬高，气流在高层上升冷却形成扰动槽，其适应过程使高层出现惯性不稳定。惯性不稳定总是伴随强惯性稳定区存在，两者产生的加速度场可形成高层辐合、辐散引起气旋加强以及降水加大，降水加强又使潜热进一步加大和扰动槽加强，从而导致惯性不稳定加剧。这种正反馈的过程有利于气旋的加深。

Numerical Experiment Study on the Relation of Latent Heat,Inertial Instability and the Explosive Development of Cyclone

Using the PSU/NCAR MM5,control and dry experiment for the explosive cyclone process of 19th to 21st December in 1981 over the Western Pacific are performed.The results show that the tropopause and isothermal surfaces were raised by latent heat release in the upper level,and the disturbance trough was formed at the upper level:due to the adiabetic cooling of the ascending flow.Its adaption process resulted in the inertial instability in the upper level.Inertial instability always existed in company with the strong inertial stability area,furthermore,the acceleration field caused by these two factors gave rise to air convergence and divergence in the upper level,which made the cyclone strengthened and precipitation enhanced.The reinforced precipitation in turn caused latent heat release enlarged again,leading to inertial instability augmented.The process of positive feedback was favorable for the deepening of the cyclone.