2001—2012年鲁南雾气候特征及形成机制

利用地面、探空实况资料及数值预报资料，对2001—2012年鲁南地区雾天气现象进行了分析，主要分析了气候特征、湿度、探空、近地面物理量指标。分析发现：鲁南雾主要集中在10—12月，2010年以后，鲁南雾日呈显著增多趋势。鲁南雾期间90%相对湿度湿层顶平均在925 hPa以下，平均逆温层顶为950 hPa左右； 850~925 hPa有明显的单独的由弱到强的暖平流中心，暖平流建立时间比雾发生提前0~24 h。925 hPa高湿区的建立比雾发生提前6~24 h；前期500 hPa左右下沉运动极值建立时间提前雾6~24 h；850~925 hPa明显的辐合中心建立时间提前雾0~24 h。

Climate Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Fogs in Southern Shandong from 2001 to 2012

Based on the data of ground, radiosonde, and numerical forecast data, an analysis is conducted on the foggy weather in the southern Shandong from 2001 to 2012, with the emphases on the climatic features, humidity, and physical quantity index in the near ground layer. It is found that: fogs in the southern Shandong were mainly concentrated in the period of October to December after 2010, and fog days increased significantly in the southern Shandong. The wet layer top of 90% relative humidity was lower than 925 hPa on average. The average height of the inversion layer during fogs in the southern Shandong was at 950 hPa, and there is an obvious weak to strong warm advection center between 850 and 925 hPa, and the built up time of the warm advection is 0 to 24 hours ahead of the fog. The formation of high humidity area at 925 hPa was 6 to 24 hours earlier than the apearing of the fog. The appearing of extreme descending motion values at 500 hPa was 6 to 24 hours earlier than the apearing of the fog, and the establishment of the obvious convergence center at 850-925 hPa was 0 to 24 hours earlier than the apearing of the fog.