北京2013年雾霾天气特点和服务应对措施

对2013年1月北京出现的持续严重雾霾天气的成因及特点做了分析,结果表明持续雾霾天气是由于稳定的层结、持续偏南风及较低的气温共同影响造成。依据服务经验,重点对雾霾天气的预报和服务措施进行了细致的分析。在预报上,利用气象部门数值模拟和天气预报的技术优势,针对雾霾的区域性分布特点,为政府部门提供准确的预报和直观的产品;在服务上,注意抓好时机,利用气象部门的特殊角色,对政府部门、公众和专业用户,根据他们的需求特点,提供相关的服务。另外,还对今后雾霾服务气象部门需要加强的工作,提出了相关的建议。

Features and Service Measures of Fog Haze Weather in Beijing in 2013

In January 2013,there were several severe fog-haze events occurred in Beijing,with the mean visibility being less than 9.2 km and the PM2.5 concentration greater than 800 μg/m3.The causes and features are analyzed.The results indicate that the lasting fog-haze weather was caused by the stable stratification,continuous southerly winds,and lower air temperature.According to the service experiences,the measures in forecasting and service are discussed in detail.In forecasting,meteorological agencies should take advantage of their technologies,such as numerical simulation and weather forecasting,to provide accurate fog-haze forecasts and visualized products for the government,aiming at the regional distribution features of fog-haze weather.In service,meteorological agencies should play their special role to provide tailored service according to the demands of the government,public,and end users timely.Some suggestions on fog-haze service are given.