显式云物理方案的研究进展

回顾了近年来显式云物理方案的研究进展。显式云方案主要有体积水方法和详细微物理方法(分档法)。体积水方法有单参数和双参数两种谱描述方法,根据模式预报变量和物理过程的不同,可以分为暖云方案、简单冰相方案和复杂冰相方案。详细的微物理方法由于预报变量繁多、计算量巨大而一般多应用于研究工作。不同的模式,有不同的显式云方案,并不是粒子分类越复杂模拟效果就越好,需要根据研究的重点、计算资源的许可选择使用不同的物理方案。物理过程参数化需要建立在理论和实验研究的基础上,因此应加强这方面的理论和实验研究,使物理参数化具有更坚实的物理基础。

Progress in Researches on Explicit Cloud Microphysical Schemes

Progress in researches on explicit cloud microphysical schemes is reviewed.There are mainly two kinds of explicit cloud microphysical schemes: bulk water technique and spectral bin microphysical(SBM) cloud models.The methods for describing particle spectra in the bulk water technique include single-moment technique and double-moment technique.According to the variables and microphysical processes adding in the model,the schemes can be divided into three classes: warm rain scheme,simple ice-phased scheme and complex ice-phased scheme.Because of numerous variables in the SBM cloud mode and high computational cost,the SBM cloud model is usually used in research.Different models have different explicit cloud schemes.A better simulation is not certainly resulted from a more complex cloud scheme.Different cloud schemes should be selected according to the importance of the study and computational resources.The parameterization of physical processes should be based on the theoretical and laboratory results.The theoretical and laboratory study on the subject should be strengthened to make the parameterization of physical processes more reasonable.