环境气象指数的设计方法探讨

在大规模的现场和用户调查的基础上，结合现场观测和试验分析等手段，依据人类生活环境对气象条件的敏感性和依从性原理，提出了涉及人类生活、公共事业、休闲、旅游、农业生产、工程建设、医疗卫生等多种行业的环境气象指数的7种设计方法：回归统计法、因子加权法、经验模式法、历史资料反查法、动力统计法、延伸法、概念模型法，将7种方法单独应用或综合应用，江苏省气象部门开发研制了八大类73个环境气象指数。结合几个环境气象指数的研究实例，阐述了各种设计方法中的关键技术和要点，文中提出的环境指数设计方法较为简单实用，易于业务化，对气象指数的研究和业务工作均有一定的借鉴作用。

Design Methods of Environmental Meteorological Indexes

Based on the principles of environmental sensitivity to and compliance with the meteorological conditions, presented were seven design methods of the environmental meteorological indexes related with various aspects such as human being living conditions, public service, recreation, travel, agriculture, engineering, medical treatments and sanitation, etc. These methods include Regression Statistics, Factor Weighting, Experience Mode, History Data Searching, Dynamics Simulation, Extension Methods and Concept Model. Based on these methods, eight categories and 73 kinds of indexes were developed. Considering the results from a large population customer survey along with other methods such as field observation and experimental analysis, the technical details of various design methods are discussed with several environmental meteorological indexes as examples. These methods are simple, practical, and easy to be put to operational use.