利用P波初动测定地震计水平分向的定向偏差

基于P波质点振动方式和初动方向，设计一种测定地震计水平分向定向偏差的方法。通过旋转两水平分向波形获取P波优势能量方向，将旋转角度与地震方位角进行比较，得到地震计水平分向偏离正北方向的位置。再以地震计垂直向初动和已知震中确定台站初始速度的方向（即向源或离源方向），依此初始速度方向在地震计坐标系中的位置，与水平分向实际记录初动符号所代表的方向进行确认，即可认定地震计水平分向的极性，进而确定地震计水平分向任一极性偏离的角度。

To measure horizontal component positional error of seismic detector using P-wave onset

Based on the P-wave particle vibration mode and the P-wave onset designed a method of measuring horizontal component positional error of seismic detector. The method by rotating the two horizontal components to obtain P-wave dominant energy direction, the rotary angle has been compared with earthquake azimuth to obtain the position of seismometer horizontal component deviate from the true north, then used the vertical P-wave onset and the epicenter that already known to determine the station initial velocity direction （i. e. away from the source or to the source）, so the location of the initial velocity direction in seismometer coordinates in contrast with the direction represented by the horizontal P-wave onset can confirm the seismometer horizontal polarity and deviated angle. Specific operating methods and procedures described in examples given.