重大突发公共卫生事件下公众信息获取行为与错失焦虑研究——以新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情为例

目的/意义] 新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）暴发流行后，大量信息和舆论铺天盖地而来。准确把握疫情暴发期公众的信息获取行为及特征，分析探索错失焦虑的形成与影响因素，对于重大突发公共卫生事件的应急管理与科学决策具有重要价值。方法/过程] 基于使用与满足理论、认知心理学等梳理分析错失焦虑、信息获取行为、无聊倾向及情绪之间的关系，构建研究模型。通过问卷调查法采集957份样本数据，利用偏最小二乘法检验模型，结合访谈对结果进行讨论分析。结果/结论] 重大突发公共卫生事件暴发期，移动新媒体是信息获取的主要渠道，接收推送分享与主动搜寻行为均衡，信息阅读观看的日均耗费时间较长，呈现高频次短时间隔获取特征。疫情关注度显著正向影响错失焦虑与信息获取行为；无聊倾向与错失焦虑之间呈现显著正相关关系。错失焦虑是信息获取的动机性因素，具有显著正向影响作用；错失焦虑较高的个体更容易感染负面情绪；信息获取行为与负面情绪之间有显著正相关关系。

Research on Individuals' Information Acquisition Behavior and Fear of Missing Out During a Major Public Health Emergency: Coronavirus Disease 2019

Purpose/significance] Since the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), lots of information and public opinions have been rapidly spread. For the emergency management and scientific decision-making of major public health emergencies, it is of great value to accurately understand the individuals' information acquisition behavior and analyze the factors of fear of missing out (FoMO).Method/process] Based on the use and satisfaction theory and cognitive psychology, a research model was proposed to examine the relationships among boredom proneness, FoMO, information acquisition behavior, and emotion constructs. Sample data (N=957) was collected through an online survey, then partial least squares method was performed to test the research model, and interview was conducted for discussing the results.Result/conclusion] During a major public health emergency, mobile new media is the main channel for information acquisition. Receiving message notifications and active searching are the main information acquisition behaviors. Individuals spend more time reading or watching information, with the characteristics of high frequency and short time interval acquisition. The results show that attention on COVID-19 has a positive influence on FoMO and information acquisition behavior, and there is a significant positive relationship between boredom proneness and FoMO. FoMO is the motivational factor of information acquisition, which has significant positive effect; individuals with higher FoMO are more likely to get negative emotions; information acquisition has a significant effect on negative emotions.