知识元理论研究述评

目的/意义] 知识元作为知识的基本组分，是知识在微观领域的存在形态。对知识构成组分问题的研究体现了人类对知识认识的深化，是人类对知识认识的必然趋势。因此，对知识元及其运动规律的研究具有重要的理论价值。方法/过程] 首先从学科史角度对知识基本组分相关学说和知识元理论研究的现状进行梳理和分析；在此基础上归纳总结知识元理论研究中存在的问题；最后论述知识元理论研究的未来走向。结果/结论] 当前知识元理论研究存在以下问题：概念界定模糊、类型划分存在歧义、基于知识元的知识表达尚存在较大难度、相关研究尚未深入到知识的本质与运动规律。同时认为从多学科交叉视角开展知识元理论探析，将成为今后重要的趋势。如哲学与认知科学相结合的知识论视角、语言学与计算机科学相结合的知识发现与挖掘视角、知识工程与图书馆学相结合的知识表示研究视角、图书情报学科与出版学科相结合的知识组织研究视角等。

Review on the Theory of Knowledge Element

Purpose/significance] Knowledge element, as the basic component of knowledge, is the existence form of knowledge in microcosmic domain. The research on the composition of knowledge reflects the perception of knowledge, which is the inevitable trend of human knowledge. Therefore, it is of great theoretical value to study the knowledge element and its movement law. Method/process] Firstly, from the perspective of the discipline history, the research status of the basic components of knowledge and knowledge element theory were combed and analyzed. Furthermore, the existing problems in the research of knowledge element theory were summarized. Finally, the future trend of knowledge element theory was discussed. Result/conclusion] Some problems can be concluded in the research of knowledge element theory. First of all, the definition of knowledge element is fuzzy. Furthermore, there is ambiguity in the classification of knowledge element types. Thirdly, it is a still difficult task to represent the model of knowledge element. Finally, the theory has not yet gone deep into the study of the essence, structure and movement law of knowledge. We believe that future research involves multiple interdisciplinary perspectives, mainly including the perspective of epistemology combined with philosophy and cognitive science, the perspective of knowledge discovery and mining based on the combination of linguistics and computer science, the perspective of knowledge representation based on the combination of knowledge engineering and library science, and the perspective of knowledge organization research based on the combination of information science and publishing discipline.