档案定义视阈下的原始记忆性本质及其逻辑结构

档案界对档案定义一般采用“属+种差”的逻辑形式,因而揭示档案本质、确定档案属种就成为档案定义的根本问题。档案记忆理论认为,档案是记忆的物质形态。档案以自身历史选择的必然性和逻辑结构的客观优势,成为人类自觉建构的外脑记忆的典型形式。作为用来建构原始记忆的历史文件,档案在物质形态上表现为档案实体,在逻辑关系上表现为记录和再现两个维度。以档案实体为基点,沿时空维度,向后回溯是档案记录关系维度,在档案记录关系的另一端是档案记忆的历史事实,这是档案记忆的客体;向前表述是档案再现关系维度,在档案再现关系的另一端是档案客体加以证明的回忆事实,这是档案记忆的证体。在这种逻辑结构中,档案实体即档案本身是档案“二维”逻辑关系和档案“三重要素”的物质载体。档案现象的实质就是以“二维”逻辑关系,凝聚“三重要素”的实践过程。

The Essence of Original Memory and Its Logical Structure from the Perspective of Archive Definitions

Archives academia generally takes the logical form of“category+differentia”to def ine archives,thus revealing the essence of archives and determining the category of archives have become the fundamental problems of archive definitions.Archive Memory Theory holds that archives are the material form of memory.With the inevitability of its own historical choice and the objective advantage of its logical structure,archives have become a typical form of the external brain memory consciously constructed by human beings.As historical documents used to construct original memory,archives are represented as archive entities in material form,and in logical relationship,as two dimensions:recording and reproducing.Taking archive entities as the origin,in the dimension of space and time,going backwards,it is the dimension of archival record relationship.At the other end of the relationship is the historical fact of archival memory,which is the object of archival memory.Looking forward,it is the dimension of the relationship of archival reproduction,and at the other end of the relationship of archival reproduction is the memory fact proved by the archival object,which is the evidence of archival memory.In this logical structure,the archive entity,namely the archive itself,is the material carrier of the“twodimensional”logical relationship and the“tripple elements”of the archives.The essence of archival phenomenon is the practice process of condensing“triple elements”with“two-dimensional”logical relationship.