游牧及其改革

笔者根据蒙古高原和欧亚内陆草原游牧人的经验总结出游牧的特征即移动性。保持移动游牧的生产方式的根本条件是共同所有和共同使用牧场。游牧业与养畜业的本质区别决定了游牧改革的走向。如果照搬产生于19世纪末期的适合于养畜业的饲养方法来推进牧业现代化．草原将会被破坏，不利于草原的可持续利用．从而影响畜牧业的发展。

NOMADS AND ITS REFORM

The author has come to the conclusion that the nomadic features are the movement and that the fundamental condition to keep the modes of production of movable nomads is the pastures to be owned and shared together according to the nomadisim experience from the Mongol Plateau and from the inland grasslands in Eurasia. The essential difference between nomadic pastoralism and animal industry decides on the alignment for the nomadic pastoralism reform. If the methods to raise livestock which was born in the late days of the 19th century and which were fit for animal industry gave impetus to animal husbandry modernization, grasslands would be ruined, which is of no benefit to the grassland sustainable utilizatim and which will affet the livestock husbandry development.