少数民族双语教学中存在的问题及其对策——以东乡族为个案

作为有语言无文字民族的东乡族基础教育中的双语教学存在着教学用语不便、作为第二语言的汉语过渡困难、教学效率低下、双语师资缺乏等问题 ,其原因在于缺乏对此类双语教学的研究 ,缺乏对学生学习汉语的有效指导等。必须对此类无文字民族辅助性双语教学中汉语学习的必要性、时间、途径、方式方法以及民族语的作用等问题进行深刻的理论思考和研究 ,探讨出尽快掌握汉语 ,以提高其双语教学水平及基础教育质量的策略和模式。

A Reflection on Bilingual Teaching for Ethnic Minorities in China--Taking Dongxiang Nationality as a Case

The language of Dongxiang nationality in China is only an oral one without relevant written codes.Accordingly,problems naturally come up in its basic education.For example,teaching language used in class is a challenge in bilingual teaching,it is quite difficult to transfer meaning by Chinese as a second language,the efficiency of teaching is questionable,there are not enough bilingual teachers,and so on.These problems result from the scanty research and study on such bilingual teaching,inefficient guidance to student on Chinese learning,etc.Therefore,for those ethnic minorities who have no written language to be employed as assist in teaching,the educators must make an profound thinking and study on the necessity,time,sources,method of Chinese learning as well as on the function of the native language in bilingual teaching, so as to work out a strategy and mode to speed Chinese learning,improve the level of bilingual teaching and enhance the quality of basic education.