基于科学的创新研究——以诺贝尔奖科学成果到商业产品为例

随着化学、生物、新材料等产业的崛起,科学对创新的推动作用越来越显著。本文以诺贝尔奖科学成果到商业产品过程为切入点,研究基于科学的创新。结果显现,随时代的变迁,商业化的诺奖成果呈现上升趋势,自2000年后已有14个诺奖成果被商业化;51.2%的科学发现诞生于大学,18.97%的科学发现诞生于公共机构;平均而言,诺奖成果从科学发现到商业产品的时间间隔为17.61年;最后本文提炼了三种基于科学的创新模式,分别为"企业主导的创新模型"、"企业与大学或公共机构合作的创新模式"、"新创企业转化成果的创新模式"。

Science-based innovation: The commercialization of Nobel prizes

As the rise of chemistry, biology, new materials and other industries, the role of science to innovation becomes increasingly significant. This paper is to analyze science-based innovation by using the cases from the Nobel Prize achievements. The results show that, the proportion of commercialized Nobel Prize sciences was increased by decades. Since 2000, there are fourteen Nobel Prize achievements have been commercialized. 51.2% of scientific discovery was born in the University, 17.61% of scientific discovery was born in public institutions. On average, there are 17.61 years from scientific discovery to commercialize. At last, we refined three science-based innovation model. Model one is “enterprises dominant the innovation”; Model two is “both enterprises and university or public institutions participate in the innovation”; Model three is “the spin-off participate in the innovation”.