抗阻运动与肌肉减少症的防治

肌肉减少症又称肌少症(sarcopenia),是一种近来备受关注的老年综合征,泛指随着年龄的增长,人体出现肌量减少和肌力下降等改变。肌少症的特点是骨骼肌肌量减低并且肌肉内脂肪堆积,导致肌肉力量减低和肌肉功能下降,进而导致躯体残疾、生活质量降低,甚至死亡等。抗阻运动或称力量训练(strength training),是指肌肉主动收缩对抗阻力的一种运动形式,在通常情况下,这种运动的负荷远高于肌肉在有氧状态下的能力,具有强度大、持续时间短、力竭性等特征。肌肉是产生人体自主运动的动力源泉,而肌肉运动,特别是抗阻运动可使肌肉产生很多生理生化的变化。文章回顾了近年来不同学者和临床工作者针对抗阻运动改善肌肉减少症的数据,论述了抗阻运动防治肌肉减少症的机理,强调了抗阻运动和有针对性的营养调理对肌肉减少症的有效改善,对未来肌少症的治疗研究提供更清晰的方向。

Resistance Exercise and Prevention and Treatment of Sarcopenia

Sarcopenia,is a kind of senile syndrome which has attracted much attention recently.Sarcopenia is characterized by decreased skeletal muscle mass and accumulation of intramuscular fat,resulting in decreased muscle strength and muscle function,which leads to physical disability,quality of life and even death.Resistance training,or strength training,is a form of exercise in which muscles actively contract against resistance.In general,the load of this exercise is much higher than the ability of muscles in aerobic state.It has the characteristics of high intensity,short duration and exhaustion.Muscle is the power source of human body autonomous movement,and muscle movement,especially resistance movement,can make muscle produce many physiological and biochemical changes.This paper reviews the data of different scholars and clinical workers in recent years for the improvement of muscle reduction by resistance exercise,discusses the mechanism of resistance exercise in the prevention and treatment of myopenia,and emphasizes the effective improvement of resistance exercise and targeted nutrition regulation on myopenia,which provides a clearer direction for the future research on the treatment of sarcopenia.