我国速滑冬奥会选手改进有氧训练的个性化研究——第20届冬奥会速滑科研攻关思考之一

研究目的：针对冬季奥运会速度滑冰500m项目比赛规程变化的新情况,为提高我国奥运选手有氧代谢能力与血乳酸清除的效率,以适应比赛规则的变化,探索适合优秀速滑短距离选手个人特点的有氧训练新途径。研究方法：采用血乳酸控制训练负荷的方法,对2名参加冬奥会选手改进后的有氧训练过程进行实时监控,并通过不同赛季的比较对有氧训练改进的效果进行判定。研究结果：有氧训练改进后,2005～2006赛季与2004～2005赛季相比,王曼利500m成绩提高0.75s,15min血乳酸峰值浓度下降了2mmol/L,30min血乳酸峰值浓度下降了0.6mmol/L;于凤桐500m成绩提高了0.51s,15min血乳酸峰值浓度下降了1.8mmol/L,30min血乳酸峰值浓度下降了1.4mmol/L。研究结论：有氧训练的改进,提高了运动员机体血乳酸清除效率,使其能在最短时间将血乳酸降至较低水平,达到了适应冬奥会比赛日程变化的目的。

Research on Improving the Individuation of Chinese Speed Skating Olympians' Aerobic Training——First Part of Scientific Research Project for Chinese Speed Skating in the 20th Olympic Winter Games

Aiming at the new competitive rules of 500m speed skating in the Olympic winter games,the article's purpose is to find out a new aerobic training approach beseeming the individual specialty of Chinese sprint speed skating Olympians for acclimatizing themselves to the change of competitive rules by improving their capability of aerobic metabolism and clearance efficiency of blood lactic acid.The results show that after farther improving the aerobic training in 2005-2006 season than 2004-2005 Season,the Chinese Olympian,WANG Manli,her 500m achievement increased by 0.75s,peak value of blood lactic acid decreased by 2 mmol/L in 15 minute and 0.6 mmol/L in 30 minute;the Chinese Olympian,YU Fengtong,his 500m achievement increased by 0.51s,peak value of blood lactic acid decreased by 1.8 mmol/L in 15 minute and 1.4 mmol/L in 30 minute.We conclude that the skaters can acclimatize themselves to the change of competitive rules with their clearance efficiency of blood lactic acid being increased to make the blood lactic acid level lower in best times by improving the aerobic training.