社区老年人跌倒风险评估工具的研究及应用

老年人跌倒是社区常见的意外伤害安全问题，可能造成严重后果和巨大的社会、经济负担。老年人跌倒是内、外多重因素交互影响作用的结果，多由潜在风险引发。社区是老年人日常生活与活动的主要场所，通过科学的评估方法尽早识别存在跌倒风险的社区老年人对于预防老年人跌倒发生具有重要意义。通过对国内外常用的社区老年人跌倒风险评估工具，包括跌倒相关身体功能能力、跌倒相关心理因素、跌倒综合评估以及跌倒风险评估的新趋势等方面进行综述和展望，为社区老年人跌倒风险的评估提供理论依据，也为未来开发适合我国社区老年人群的跌倒风险评估工具提供参考借鉴。

Research Progress of Fall Risk Assessment Tools among the Community-dwelling Elderly

Elderly falls are a common accidental injury safety problem in the community, which may cause serious health consequences and become a huge social and economic burden. Elderly falls are the result of the interaction of multiple internal and external factors, which are mostly triggered by potential risks. The community is the main place for elderly''s daily life and activities. Early identification of the elderly in the community who is at risk of falling through scientific assessment methods is of great significance to prevent the elderly from falling. This study summarizes and prospects the fall risk assessment tools for the elderly in the community commonly used all over the world, including fall-related physical functions tests, fall-related psychological factors analysis, comprehensive fall assessment, and new trends in fall risk assessment. It provides theoretical basis for assessing the fall risk of the elderly in the community, and also provides reference for developing fall risk assessment tools suitable for the community-dwelling elderly in China in the future.