竞技体育跨项选材:规律·困境·反思

采用文献资料法、专家访谈、逻辑分析等方法,探讨竞技体育跨项选材现实动因和一般规律,并针对目前竞技体育领域跨项选材存在问题进行理性反思。我国竞技体育领域跨项选材呈现以下规律:借助身体素质优势,由运动基础大项向其他项目流转;抓住关键技术环节,在奥运各大项之间高频互跨;依据项目特征和制胜规律,在同一项群互跨;依托综合竞技能力迁移,从早期专项化项目向晚期专项化项目流转。针对跨项选材中存在的理论与实践方面的问题,提出针对性建议:未来竞技体育跨项选材应精准把握项目特征,科学构建指标体系;深化跨项规律认识,准确捕捉跨项时机;科学划定选材范围,引导人才合理流动;加强跨项统筹管理,建立健全保障机制。

Talent Transfer in Elite Sports: Law,Dilemma and Reflection

The paper uses literature,expert interviews,logical analysis and other methods to explore the practical motivation and general rules of"Talent Transfer"in elite sports,and to make rational rethinking on the existing problems of"Talent Transfer"in the field of elite sports.It is found that the"Talent Transfer"in the field of elite sports in China presents the following general rules:by virtue of the advantages of physical quality,it transfers from basic sports events to other events;by grasping the key technical links,it alternates with each other in high frequency among the Olympic events;by the characteristics of the events and the winning laws,it alternates with each other in the same group;by relying on the comprehensive elite skills,it moves from the early specialized events to the late ones Transfer of special projects.In view of the theoretical and practical problemsof"Talent Transfer"in elite sports,this paper puts forward some suggestions:in the future,we should accurately grasp the characteristics of the project and scientifically build the index system;deepen the understanding of the rules and accurately capture the opportunity;scientifically delimit the selection scope and guide the rational flow of talents;strengthen the overall management and establish and improve the guarantee mechanism.