中美高校体育与健康课程内容的比较及启示

对中美高校体育与健康课程内容进行了比较研究。结果发现:美国重视培养学生独立锻炼活动的能力和创造能力;我国注重培养学生的体育知识、技能接受能力和解决问题的能力。美国课程比较注重统一性和多样性,理论和实践相结合;我国课程重统一而轻多样,重实践轻理论,且结合不够紧密。美国课程在结构按健身的功能排列;我国主要以竞技运动项目来排列。美国课程以成人生活、社会生活的需要为基点;我国课程强调学科本位,缺乏整合,没有主观色彩,割裂了社会发展与个体发展之间的联系。

Comparative study of the contents of physical education and health curriculum implemented in institutes of higher learning in China and the United States and the enlightenment therein for China

By applying literature data approach,the author carried out a comparative study on the contents of physical education and health curriculum implemented in institutes of higher learning in China and the United States,and revealed that there were mainly the following differences between the contents of physical education and health curriculum implemented in institutes of higher learning in China and the United States: In the US curriculum attention was paid to cultivating student's independent exercising capability and creating capability,while in the Chinese curriculum attention was showered on cultivating student's sports knowledge,skill learning capability and problem solving capability;In the US curriculum more attention was showered on unification and diversification as well as on combining theory with practice,while in the Chinese curriculum more attention was showered on unification than on diversification as well as on practice than on theory,and theory was not closely combined with practice;structurally,the US curriculum was arranged according to fitness functions,while the Chinese curriculum was arranged mainly according to competitive sports events;the US curriculum based its foundation on the needs for adult life and social life,while the Chinese curriculum emphasized the subject's basic functions,lacking in integration,having no objective ideas,and splitting the relation between social development and individual development.