地方政府对国家体育产业政策再制定的协同力评价研究——基于11个省、自治区、直辖市的实证分析

我国体育产业正处于政策红利释放的关键时期,作为对中央文件的响应与执行者,全国多数省份陆续颁布本地区的产业政策,以引导体育产业高质量发展。在实践中,受区域经济发展、政策凸显的认知理念、制度安排、利益博弈驱动等影响,体育产业政策的执行效果是不同的。基于国家体育产业政策有效落实、科学调整政策发展轨道,选取江苏、上海等11个省(市、自治区),通过实地调研、问卷调查与文本量化分析获取数据,运用熵权-TOPSIS法、障碍度模型对2014年以来地方政府对国家体育产业政策再制定的协同力进行评价,诊断地方政府对国家体育产业政策再制定中存在的障碍因素。研究期间内,地方政府对国家体育产业政策再制定的协同力测度普遍较低,只有3个地区达到良好等级,11个地区平均测度值为0.431,处于“一般”等级。地方体育产业政策实施与地区经济发展程度有较大的依赖性,经济发展水平的提升,在一定程度上会强化地方政府落实产业政策的激励与投入力度。各地根据体育产业发展的实际,在政策体系构建中有一些延展和突破,但政策目标不具体、政策措施笼统方面的问题是制约地方对国家体育产业政策再制定协同力提升的2大障碍因素。而障碍因子层存在明显的地区差异性,有的是政策目标的文本“政绩化”,有的是政策执行“主体模糊”,有的是政策对象响应的“梗阻”问题。建议国家相关部门要淡化政策鼓励姿态,完善考评机制;建立体育产业发展联席会议,实行整体的协调联动;推进地方体育产业名录库,强化体育产业发展阶段动态监测与评估;细化财税等政策工具内容,完善相关立法;建立制度供给的企业表达制度,实现政策需求与供给的有效衔接。

Synergistic Evaluation of Local Governments'Reenacting National Sport Industry Policy:Based on the Survey and Analysis in 11 Provinces,Autonomous Regions,Municipalities in China

Sport industry in China is in the key development period when the policy dividend is released.Most provinces in China have issued their own industrial policies to guide the high-quality development of the sports industry as a response to the documents of the central government.In practice,in different economic and social stages and constraints such as concept of cognition,institutional arrangements,and interest-driven drivers,implementation effect of the sports industry policy is different.Based on effectively promoting the effective implementation of Chinese sports industry policy and scientifically adjusting the policy develop ment track,this study selected 11 provinces to evaluate the synergy between local and national sports industry policy re-enactment since 2014,and diagnosed the problems existing in the national sports industry policy re-enactment,through field research,questionnaires,text quantification and using the entropy weight-Top sis method and the obstacle degree model.During the study period,the local government's measure of the synergy of the national sports industry policy re-enact ment was generally low.Only three regions reached a good level,and the average value of the 11 regions was 0.431,which was at the“general”level.The implemen tation of the local sports industry policy has a greater dependence on the degree of regional economic development.To a certain extent,it will strengthen the incen tives and input of local governments to implement industrial policies.According to the actual development of the sports industry in various regions,there are some extensions and breakthroughs in the construction of the policy system.However,the policy objectives are not specific,and the general problems of policy measures are two obstacles that restrict the local synergy of the national sports industry policy re-enactment.There are obvious regional differences in the barrier factor lay er.Some of them are the textua“l policy of policy objectives”,some ar“e substantial blurring”of policy implementation,and some are“obstruction”of policy object response.It is recommended that relevant state departments should dilute the policy encouragement posture,improve the evaluation mechanism;establish a joint meeting of sports industry development,implement overall coordination and linkage;promote the local sports industry database,strengthen the dynamic monitor ing and evaluation of the sports industry development stage;refine fiscal and taxation policy tools content,improve relevant legislation;establish an enterprise ex pression system for institutional supply,and achieve effective connection between policy demand and supply.