论盐湖城丑闻发生后的国际奥委会组织改革

1998年底盐湖城申奥丑闻曝光引发的国际奥委会改革 ,是奥运史上最为深刻的改革。国际奥委会持续了一个世纪之久的组织运行机制在这次改革中开始发生实质性的变化 ,民主化的进程取得新的进展 ,组织构成得到界定 ,组织更新频率加快 ,运动员进入决策层 ,组织开放 ,运作透明度增加。这一改革也带来一些新的问题 ,如内部利益集团可能公开化、合法化 ,组织类型由单一型转为混合型 ,使得管理难度加大 ,组织界面发生模糊 ,内部不被信任感增强 ,普通委员的权利弱化。此外 ,运动员委员的设置也会带来一些新的问题。奥林匹克运动进入了一个新旧交替的过渡时期。

Discussion on Organizational Reform of IOC after Biding Scandal Exposure in Salt Lake City

The IOC reform resulted from the biding scandal in Salt Lake City was the most significant one in its history. A century old operational mechanism of the IOC has experienced an unprecedented change in this reform. Its democratization has made a new progress, a new formation of the organization was defined, renewing rate of the members was speeded up, athletes were brought into its decision making core circle, and the organization became more open and transparent. However, as the reform proceeding, the IOC will face several new problems. For example, the internal conflicts would come to the surface and become legitimized, the organizational style would shift from its original single pattern to a mixed one, so that the administration difficulty will increase. The organizational boundaries between the internal and the external would be blur, some uneasy feelings may arise among the IOC members due to forbidding them to visit the bidding cities and some issues related to the athletes' entry into the IOC. The Olympic movement has entered a transitional period.