不同运动参与视角下大学生情商差异研究

摘要：主要采用问卷法、文献资料法、统计法、访谈法和观察法，通过对体育专业与非体育专业本科在校生的情商水平从自我认知、自我管理、自我激励、认知他人和人际关系五个维度进行测试，并对测试结果进行定量和定性分析。结果表明：体育专业和普通专业大学生样本的情商水平属于中等偏上，同时体育专业学生情商整体水平显著高于非体育专业大学生；普通大学生相对于不锻炼与体育锻炼不足者而言，体育锻炼达到推荐水平的大学生可能有更高的情商和生命质量，体育锻炼时间越长的大学生则可能有更高的情商；体育专业大学生自我认知维度上，艺术表演类的被试得分显著低于专项为田径/游泳、集体球类及小球类的被试；人际关系维度上，田径/游泳的被试得分显著高于集体球类、艺术表演类的被试。这个结果出乎意料；坚持1年以上运动的人因为运动而对情商水平的影响差异不大。体育运动是学生社会化的重要通道,因此本文讨论不同运动参与情况下大学生情商的差异，初衷在于将传统学校体育能够从单纯的身体职能性和技术性的培养目标中解放出来，从而提请一线的教育工作者注重优化高校体育教育中情商教育效果、进一步深化我国体育教学改革无疑是有价值的。

EQ Differences of College Students from Different Sports Participation Perspectives

Abstract: This paper tested the EQ (emotional intelligence) level of sports and non-sports major students from self cognition, self management, self motivation, recognizing other people and interpersonal relationships, and quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed the results by the methods of questionnaire investigation, literature review, statistics, interview and observation. Results: The EQ level of sports major and non-sports major students in this study are above average, and that of sports major students is higher than that of non-sports major ones; compared with physical inactivity students, the non-sports major students who achieve the recommended physical activity levels have higher EQ and quality of life, students with longer physical exercise time may have higher EQ. In the dimension of self cognitive, art performing students have small tested scores than students with swimming, track and field, collective ball and small ball events; in the dimension of interpersonal relationship, the swimmers and track and field students have higher scores than student with collective ball games and artistic performances. The effect of exercise on EQ level of people who persisted more than 1 year has little difference. Sports is an important channel for students'' socialization. This paper discussed the EQ differences of college students in different sports participation, aimed at liberating the traditional school sports from the purely physical functions and technical training objectives, so as to draw educators focus on the optimization effect, EQ education in physical education of colleges and universities to further deepen the reform of physical education in our country, which is undoubtedly valuable.