改革开放40年高等体育教育资源优化配置的社会学审视

摘要：我国高等体育教育资源优化配置研究引入社会学视角理论与方法，理论与实践均取得专家的认同。运用文献资料法、专家访谈法和实地考察法等方法发现，在计划经济体制下我国高等体育教育资源配置主体单一性、手段行政化和政治倾向性强，凸显出高等体育教育资源配置缺乏激励机制和市场竞争机制的问题，造成高等体育教育资源配置成本最大化和社会效应的最小化问题较多。自改革开放以来,随着我国市场经济体制的建立为高等体育教育资源优化配置提供了难得的发展机遇，我国高等体育教育资源配置取得了明显成效，但仍然存在高等体育教育资源配置机制滞后、体制机制改革创新步伐缓慢、高等体育教育资源配置不合理以及民办普通高校体育教育资源配置严重不足等问题。据此，从社会学研究的视角，提出了构建多主体推动高等体育教育资源优化配置创新的发展模式、多元化高等体育教育资源优化配置资金投入的保障体系、高等体育教育资源优化配置均衡发展的运行机制和大学城体育教育资源“共建共享”的创新发展模式的新时代我国高等体育教育资源优化配置的发展策略，旨在服务新时代全民健身与全民健康深度融合发展，“推动构建人类命运共同体”发展目标的实现。

Sociological Survey of the Optimal Allocation of Higher Physical Education Resources in the Past 40 Years of Reform and Opening-up

Abstract: The theory and method of sociological perspective are introduced into the research on the optimal allocation of higher physical education resources in China. Both theory and practice have gained the recognition of experts. By using the methods of documentation, expert interview and field investigation, this study found that under the planned economic system, the main body of allocation of higher physical education resources in China is single, the means are administrative and the political tendency is strong, which highlights the lack of incentive mechanism and market competition mechanism in allocation of higher physical education resources, result in the maximization of the allocation cost of higher physical education resources and the minimization of social effects. Since the reform and opening up, the establishment of China''s market economic system has provided a rare opportunity for the development of the optimal allocation of higher physical education resources. The allocation of higher physical education resources in China has achieved remarkable results. However, there are still some problems, such as lagging mechanism of allocation of higher physical education resources, slow pace of reform and innovation of system mechanism, unreasonable allocation of higher physical education resources and serious shortage of allocation of physical education resources in private colleges and universities. Accordingly, from the perspective of sociological research, this study puts forward the development strategies of optimizing the allocation of higher physical education resources in the new era in China, such as construction of a multi-agent development model to promote the innovation of optimizing the allocation of higher physical education resources, the diversification of the guarantee system of optimizing the allocation of funds for higher physical education resources, the operation mechanism of balanced development, innovative development mode of "co-construction and sharing" of physical education resources in University towns, in order to serve the deep integration of national fitness and national health in the new era, and to promote the realization of the development goal of building a community of human destiny.