营养不良患者乳头体的神经病理研究与临床观察

目的探讨营养不良患者乳头体的病理改变与临床表现的关系。方法选择８例营养不良患者和６例无营养不良患者的尸检脑组织标本，作乳头体、海马、颞叶、额叶、扣带回、小脑上蚓、齿状核和基底节的光镜检查，并结合患者的临床资料。结果营养不良患者中枢神经系统有多种病理改变，乳头体的病理改变为神经细胞缺血性改变７例，神经细胞脱失４例，间质水肿７例，血管增生４例，胶质增生７例。临床表现为嗜睡、昏迷。乳头体的病理改变与营养不良病程长短有关。结论营养不良患者中枢神经系统有多种病理改变，乳头体的病理改变与临床的意识障碍密切相关。

A neuropathological study on mammillary body with clinical correlations in malnourished patients

Objective To probe the relationship between the neuropathologic changes of the mammillary body and the clinical features in the patients with malnutrition. Methods The mammillary bodies,hippocampus,frontal lobes,temporal lobes,cingulate gyrus,superior vermis of the cerebellum,dentate nuclei and basal ganglia were studied with light microscope in 8 cases with malnutrition and 6 controls. The clinical features were observed. Results There were various pathologic changes in the central nervous systems in the malnourished patients.The neuropathologic findings of the mammillary bodies included the ischemic changes of the neurons in 7 cases,neuronal loss in 4 cases,edema of the neuropil in 7 cases,hyperplasia of the blood vessels in 4 cases and gliosis in 7 cases. The clinical features presented lethargy and coma. The lesions in the mammillary bodies were related to the duration of malnutrition. Conclusion There were various pathologic changes in the central nervous systems in the malnourished patients and the lesions of the mammillary bodies were evidently related to the disturbance of the patients consciousness in the clinic.