小脑与卒中后运动学习关系的研究进展

运动学习强调引导患者主动练习缺失的运动功能，获得尽可能接近正常的运动技能，这 种学习过程由小脑和大脑皮层的共同作用来完成。卒中后的功能恢复是运动再学习的过程，康复锻 炼的一个重要机制是基于细胞可塑性的运动学习，而小脑在运动学习过程中发挥着不可替代的作用。 神经生理学研究表明，小脑中参与运动学习最主要的细胞是浦肯野细胞和颗粒细胞。小脑-皮质通 路涉及运动控制和运动学习，使得小脑成为神经调节和治疗卒中后运动障碍的重要靶点。本文就小 脑运动学习的细胞机制和针对小脑的刺激技术对卒中后运动功能恢复的作用进行综述。

Progress in the Relationship between Cerebellum and Motor Learning after Stroke

Motor learning emphasizes that the patients gain motor skills as close to normal as possible through active exercise of lost motor functions. This learning process is accomplished by the collaboration of cerebellum and cerebral cortex. Neurological function recovery after stroke is a process of motor relearning. An important mechanism of rehabilitation exercise is neuronal plasticity-based motor learning, and the cerebellum plays an irreplaceable role in the process of motor learning. Studies on neurophysiology showed that Purkinje cells and granulosa cells are the most important cells involving in motor learning process in cerebellum. The cerebellum-cortical pathway involves motor control and motor learning, which makes the cerebellum an important target for neuromodulation and treatment of movement disorders after stroke. This article reviewed the cellular mechanisms of cerebellar motor learning and effects of cerebellar stimulation treatment on motor function recovery after stroke.